Internal and external forces that impact organizational behavior Essay

Most organizations have a focus on where they are going to be in a given time, this is often known as strategic planning. The organization’s mission covers various areas of interest including the service expected as well as the upkeep of the organization to attract potential customers. It is known to most companies where they are going; often all employees can view and read the philosophy of the mission statement, it is also placed in an area easily accessible for that purpose. A mission statement also leads to the vision of the corporation, more on a long-term basis thus, providing a pathway by doing marketing research in the market of interest. To keep ahead of the competition the mission must be implemented as well as trying new methods of operation. The vision must be able to measure with the value of the organizational operation in specific areas of interest such as customer service and employee relations. As mentioned earlier these areas can be measured via surveys, this will allow areas, which need improvement to be easily corrected. There is an area of interest and it is the value of the organization’s mission. Without the vision and value, the organization lacks foundation. The value counts for how much this organization is to each individual, whether customers or employees. The level of care and interest; as well as, input and output to get the correct value for the improvement of the organization. Organizational behavior is described as the study of group or individual dynamics within an organizational environment (Wikipedia, 2004). A company’s work environment is created and produced by the groups or the individual people who work within it. Employees often find themselves conforming to their ever changing environment. The economics of the world has a significant influence on both the modern business and the organizational behavior of that business. For any company to be successful, it is crucial to understand the elements that can affect the economy that supports its business. The economy can be affected by many different kinds of issues or measurements, like the interest rate, inflation rate, and employment rates. The businesses of the twenty first century face the trials of functioning in a global or multinational market. Each business will labor intensely to locate the markets in the world that offer the best  services for the least costly prices. These same companies know that worldwide events will affect all businesses. On the other side of the economy, there are the companies that offer services and products, which struggle to achieve the premium positions in the market. They are willing to transform and change their organization to meet the challenges of the changing marketplace. The organizational changes are often initiated from the top and trickled down through the ranks. The changes can range from the way selections are fulfilled to decisions made. Jobs are often redefined. People employed for these restructuring businesses can find this to be painful, but necessary for their company to succeed (Randolph & Sashkin,2002). Companies that are negatively affected by the economy could show signs of opportunity constraints. This could cause the organizational behavior to change and become less concerned with profits and more focused on surviving or moving on to a more secure location. Listed below are some of the businesses that have changed from the past goods mentality to the modern times of offered services. They have fundamentally revised their businesses from companies that had a foundation in trading merchandise to businesses that now supply services. These services are offered by companies like AOL, Cross Country Group, AT&T, Cox Services, Clarion Hotels, and many more (Lusch et al., 2004). However, these changes in business now bring competition to the table. This can forcefully affect the economy in any country. Many countries offer cheaper labor and tax breaks by offering outsourcing services. Some on the companies mentioned before have already taken advantage of the cost-effective changes, by moving part of their business overseas (Chip shots). In the call center environment today, there is an abundance of competition. The competition lies within the call center itself; in addition, there is rivalry with other call centers. For instance, Tucson happens to have approximately between twenty to twenty-five call centers in the area alone. The call centers compete with each other for the associates, by offering better pay, more flexible schedules, and superior benefits to try to convince people into working for them. People tend to jump from one call  center to another, which may be offering something that the other one is not. They also compete with each other technologically, trying to be up to date with the latest and greatest computer programs, having the best quality and customer service. Call centers also compete for industry awards. Within the call center there can be major competition between departments and employees. Employees compete for, job advancement, call handling time, and quality. Call centers are infamous for offering incentives. Centers are always trying to improve on their statistics and be the best, and the way they do this is by offering the employee incentives to motivate them to perform at the highest possible level. Incentives might range from money bonuses, televisions, DVD players, vacations, and they have actually given away cars. Not only do call centers have incentives monetarily they also like to recognize good performers by giving them awards, thus a big factor of competition ensues. Associates like to see who can get the most awards, best quality certificates or who can get the most pictures on the board. Departments may compete to see who will have the best attendance for the month, or the best attrition rate. Upper management might even challenge the Human Resources department to a friendly game of volleyball, just to keep things lively and motivate even the toughest of management. Customer demands can directly affect organizational behavior in a business. These demands can be stressful and challenging and may create a series of issues that may well lead to harmful affects or end results that could negatively and directly affect an organization. Internal and external forces of customer demands can affect behavior in an organization in several ways. External forces, such as stress in an employee’s personal or home life may cause a series of effects on their quality of work. A demanding or unremitting workload accompanied by inadequate staffing to support a hefty seasonal increase in business, in addition to a person’s distressed personal state of mind, can cause the external and internal affects to collide with one another creating a precarious wind of disarray in the workplace. These combined forces have a real impact and can negatively affect and weigh heavily on an employee;  ultimately affecting the organization. Consumer demands are usually just that- demands. The business of consumer assistance may not always result in supplying what the customer thinks they deserve. Sometimes these demands may be justified; yet, more often than not, these requests are simply unrealistic. Ultimately the end result may be advising a consumer that they have exhausted all requests and will not be receiving what they want or what they think they are entitled to. Worse yet, if they indeed will be receiving what they want, they may not be receiving as expeditiously as they may be insisting upon. These demands and effects on the members of staff can lead to, or include a loss of sleep; consequently, leading to lack of overall productivity, loss of an ability to remain focused on work or the task at hand; hence, leading to mistakes or inadvertent poor judgment. Additionally, the external stressors may cause one to react indifferently or antagonistically toward their co-workers or customers; as a result, generating a negative work atmosphere and unavoidably leading to providing poor customer service, or an overall deficient quality of work. Some Internal forces that might have an influence on organizational behavior could include: an overbearing boss or superior, or a person placed in charge of a group of employees that may not necessarily be an adequate leader. A manager or superior that is inconsistent with the enforcement of policy or discipline amongst employees can be very bad for morale. Workers may notice these types of inconsistencies in an insufficient manager and they may take offense to the preferential treatment given to a select few. When workers are filled to capacity with a constant flow of consumer demands, insufficient staffing, and heavy workload, the result may be inevitable – a less than positive or productive environment producing an overabundance of negative organizational behaviors. Change is the only dependable constant. Methods to produce success are created on a daily basis. In order to maintain success within any  organization it is necessary to research new practices that will accommodate these changes. When the time comes to reorganize a company it is important to make sure the new strategies match the values of the company. It is important that every person at each level of employment understand how their role affects the company. The benefits of reconstructing an organization may not be initially evident; however, the long-term benefits will be realized through the company’s success. The strategies for obtaining success within any organization have changed throughout time. In a call center environment, reconstruction is very frequent. All shareholders of the organization are taken into consideration when these decisions are made. The representatives speaking to the clients are the most valuable assets to the company. It is necessary for the company to offer a competitive benefits package that attracts prospective employees; as well as, provides incentive to retain talent. There are many call centers that need positions to be filled. Matching pay, benefits, and other employee needs with competitive employers is a large task. Once an employee is hired, it then becomes a challenge to maintain that employee’s interest. It is very common for a person to obtain employment in a call center, acquire experience, just to move on to another center. Every position in the company plays an important role in contributing to the company’s success. Surveys are often used to determine the needs of the representatives in order to enhance the company’s performance. The results will assist the upper management with making decisions on how they can make their employees happier, while increasing or maintaining productivity. It is very common for a call center to work in a team environment. These teams usually consist of the front line representatives, team leaders, and supervisors. The front line representatives are the first contact the consumer will encounter. The team leaders are those who exhibit exceptional skills in handling those client’s concerns. The supervisor is responsible for ensuring that the people in those positions continue productivity while  supporting the company’s goals. They are many internal and external forces that impact organizational behavior. Reconstructing, organizational mission, economy, competition, and customer demands are examples of the many effects that can move, create, and drive organizational behavior.

Disneyland: A Public Space Analysis

The concept of public space is perceived as that of an external environment that is populated by material things, people and other living things like plants and animals.   According to a sociological study of urban spaces and its dimensions, it was said that there are four (4) foremost environmental stimuli ( Carmona, 87).   These stimuli are vision, hearing, smell and touch or feel.   Vision relies heavily on the perception of distance, colour, shape, texture and contrast gradients, etc. Hearing involves â€Å"acoustic space† which is â€Å"all-surrounding† and is supposedly emotionally rich (Carmona, 87).   The stimuli of smell, like hearing is not well developed in humans (unlike some predatory animals) but it also provides emotionally enriched stimulation.   The last but not the least is the sense of touch or feel – which surprisingly comes through our feet, and buttocks (when we sit down) rather than the hands (Carmona, 87).All of the four stimuli to our sense of public space was fulfilled by our topic of analysis which is Disneyland.   It also added a fifth dimension to our stimuli – that which stimulates the brain and imagination as to how much public space can change us and affect us all. II. Answers to posted questions:Location analysis. Also, what does your analysis of your space reveal about Los Angeles and its use of public space?Disneyland in Los Angeles (LA) is one of the better public places to go – if only people’s entry and exit are limited to a certain number so as not to overwhelm the limited facilities and amenities that it offers to the paying public.   LA in general is like a macrocosm of Disneyland in the sense that its public utility facilities are being over run by the influx of people that comes into L.A. and stays to work and live on it instead of just coming and going.   The reasons behind this (overcrowding and saturation of public spaces) are the economic opportunities that it offers – being 11th largest in the world and its being known as a cultural gateway only next to Manhattan, New York.LA’s use of public space should be more attuned to a forecast of city planning, design use and building rather than just allowing the private sector and big businesses to rezone every possible space to a money making venture like mega malls and the like.Whose interests does the space represent?Most of the public spaces represent the interest of a few big businesses and studios of the tinsel town republic. While LA has always been recognized as the destination of the rich and famous – and where most of the rich and famous live (and earn their living), there are other big businesses that abound in the area that makes it so attractive as a port of entry to the California’s southland.Whose interests (if any) dominate the space?Disneyland is a theme park that is dominated by children’s theme characters.   In fact, Walt Disney, the fou nder and majority owner of Disneyland came up with the idea of the theme Park because of people – particularly children kept asking where they could meet Mickey Mouse and Snow White.   From there, the concept of Disneyland was founded and its theme and parks kept changing as people and animation technology evolve alongside Disneyland.   So to answer the question on whose interest the space represent – we can safely assume that Disneyland represents all the magical dreams and characters we have and evoke the child inside of each and everyone of us.What factors makes a public space diverse?The primary factor that makes a public space diverse is its usage.   We can observe from the patrons of certain public spaces like Disneyland what uses it serves the public when you see the age range that caters to it.   Disneyland has no specific age bracket.   Although majority of people assume that children comprise the most number of visitors to Disneyland, its ever chang ing theme parks also cater to adult taste and even the technologically savvy – with their space center and other similar themes.What factors make a public space exclusive?A public space can be considered exclusive if it only serves a specific age bracket or a specific group of clientele.   Such exclusivity is usually reserved for the rich, the adults and specific interest groups like the veterans, etc.   Such exclusive use of public space also maintains an exclusive membership or entrance fee to use the space.Who uses the space and how do they use it?Again, with Disneyland as an example, the management, theme park employees and the general public utilizes the space primarily for amusement.   The space is used to get away from the daily grind of life. What invisible and visible codes of behavior are found in the space?The theme and environment that Disneyland evokes a feeling of wishful and dreamlike state in people who enter its gates.   Upon entering Disneyland, peop le feel like they are in a different world that is devoid of reality and oftentimes changes their behavior inside the park.   People seem to be more carefree, happy and relaxed.   Since the initial theme of animated characters founded the place, the people that go through its park change their demeanor and perspective – at least during the trip inside the park.Meanwhile the invisible code of behavior can be identified as masking the worries and tensions brought about by people’s daily existence and pressures.   For the meantime though, they are hidden.

Choosing Disability

Exceptionally: Disability and Giftedness Dry. Stuart Sameness's Parents all over the world have one great thing In common, wanting the best for their children and giving them great opportunities to pursue their dreams. Children are considered special blessings from God, especially for couples that were bestowed with this blessing after much patience. Furthermore, women who could not conceive were known to be cursed and inferior to other fertile women.Although, there are still any couples whose attempts to conceive a child naturally go vain, medical science has allowed these problems to be resolved through various interventions, such as; infertility treatments, intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, surrogacy or even sperm donor clinics. There are many things to be considered when it comes to family planning, before a couple decides to bring a child Into this world. For some, It may to Walt until they are financially well off, moving to a family friendlier neighborhood, or possibly visiting a fertility clan to weigh out their options.Fertility lining are also beneficial If the couple Is Interesting In knowing the probably of passing a disease with a family history or a disability off to their offspring. Moreover, possess preferential characteristics such as; eye color, hair color, height, race, and/or education. As one might say, conceiving through sperm donors is the safest alternative precisely because donors with congenital disabilities are screened out long before they would ever make the catalogue, as the sperm banks are aware that the probability of such a withdrawal is very low.But as strange as deliberately assign a disability to an unborn child may seem, there are many advocating for the allowance of such services. Some parents have taken steps to ensure that they have children with a desired disability. What is meant by ‘disability is subject for considerable debate, however. For many, disability is something undesirable, as it signif icantly reduces the individual's quality of life and social opportunities. This scenario is particularly relevant to the Deaf Culture who consider themselves a part of a minority group.This paper intends to explore the controversy regarding the ethics of deliberately choosing a disability and implementing it on the case study of James Kittle and wife and discussing why they should not be allowed to deliberately select an embryo with a disability via the use of pre-implantation diagnosis. James Kittle is a congenital deaf married to a wife of 5 years. James and wife are both belonging to the Deaf Culture and seem very content with their ‘disability.Their main mode of communication is American Sign Language and do not consider their condition as a defect or a disability, rather a different viewpoint of life that differs only slightly from the norm. Both James and his wife were raised in a typical nuclear family with hearing parents and siblings. Once they learned that they were expecting their first child, they were thrilled. This excitement, however was short-lived as they soon found out that he was born hearing with no signs of partial deafness.They were hoping for a deaf child like themselves so that he could easily be integrated into their culture and so they could set a new generation of the Deaf in the family. As Jimmy, their son, turned four, they started fearing that they would eventually lose their son, o the hearing world. They decided to consult their family doctor who referred them to an ideologist with whom they could discuss the possibility of surgically deafening their son by removing his cochleae from both of his ears.As this was illegal in America, James took it upon himself to take Jimmy to Brazil where this type of surgery is permissible. Jimmy refused once he learned of his parents' intention but was told that he would have no problem adjusting and was not given much of an option. The surgery was successful and James and his wife now co nsider Jimmy a ‘special blessing. They are now ready for their second child, but instead of simply hoping for that child to be deaf, they are considering the possibility of conceiving through pre- implantation diagnosis, since they do not want to take their chances as they did with Jimmy.This case study raises many ethical issues about deliberately choosing deafness over normality and why it should never be permissible to do so on the basis of fundamental human rights. The choice to seek deaf children cuts across the grain of virtually all discussion in bioethics about prenatal interventions involving the traits of children. It is not prenatal interventions regarding producing super kids, with superior qualities not commonly observed in their peers of the same age.These qualities usually exceed their peers and even parents in sight, hearing, intelligence, athletic skills, immunity to disease, strength and many more among the list of desirable traits. If options to select these enhanced traits were available, why would the parents not want these for their children? There seems to be no logical reasoning behind limiting their children of these beneficial traits. In addition, these traits should be equal to everyone and not Just the wealthy that already have the most advantages many people lack.From time to time, bioethics forums are flooded with such debatable issues and concerns when it comes to ‘designing' babies through the use of medical interventions. By contrast, however, parents going through the extra mile to ensure their children are born with a congenital disability, particularly deafness, take the debates and the controversies surrounding these issues in an entirely different direction. Two contrasting views of deafness exist in today's society.Most people insider deafness as a pathological condition resulting in profound hearing loss, followed by the viewpoint that deafness is a sensory deficit. People diagnosed with this condition are se en to be at a great disadvantage and strongly deviant from the norm. Moreover, the minority viewpoint regards deaf people as belonging to a culture paralleling themselves with racial groups such as Blacks, Hispanic and others who are bonded together by shared values, and a common language (Wagner, 2008).Those that belong to this culture consider the property of being deaf to be a highly ascribable characteristic and a unique cultural identity. The couple mentioned above takes great pride in being a part of such a culture and feel their motives of wanting deaf children through various means to be misunderstood. James and his wife wanted children like themselves and did not see their preferences as a moral offence. In addition, James felt so strongly connected with this culture that he wanted to see in his children the deafness that was so central to his identity.While the decision of this couple to want a deaf child grew out of their own moral intuition, Teresa Burke is amongst the m any commentators that as offered a defense of such a practice, as long as certain conditions are met. Teresa Burke (2005) argues that parents may be allowed to have deaf children only if they are deaf themselves and are able to work on offering language or some means of communication to their children. She argues that deafness is compatible with the ability to pursue a rewarding life.Furthermore, she feels that eliminating many environmental issues, such as stigma and discrimination can offset its disadvantages and a society where the deaf and the hearing live alongside one another, coexisting peacefully is not entirely unattainable (Burke, 2011). The counterparts of this argument, which is much more relatable to the norm suggest that parents have an obligation to enhance the capacities of their children to the extent that is within their power.Julian Cupules (2001) feels that there is a certain obligatory force to treat and prevent diseases and that we have an obligation to try to manipulate these characteristics to give an individual the best opportunity of the best life, not the other way around. To fail to treat our children's disease is to harm them. In general, he mental, and psychological capacities. Failing to do so is harming them, Just as it is to elaborately reduce these capacities and limiting them of a state of well being, regardless of how it is done (Cupules, 2001).From a perspective like this, it is evident that prevention of suffering is central to anyone's moral belief. James and his wife were definitely not selfless, as they disregarded Jimmy's refusal and went ahead with the surgery anyway. Despite the fact that deafness does not disable the possibility of a meaningful life, moral considerations suggest that parents should not be choosing this alternative intentionally. All in all, deafness is a disability in the ensue that it represents an inhibition in a major life function and James committed a strong moral transgression by making a choi ce for his son that cannot be undone.Typically, the search for genes that cause or contribute to an undesirable medical condition is followed by the hope of finding a cure for that condition, or eradicating it in general (Wagner, 2008). Deafness differs from most disabilities precisely because it is not universally viewed as an undesirable medical condition, and according to many advocating this point; there is no need to even find a cure, since it is not a problem. This is not to say that deaf people deny their tautological status but it illustrates their importance of culture over pathology.The current popularity of cochlear implant surgery today among hearing parents of deaf children with its post rehabilitation oral skills, has led to a reduction in the number of deaf children attending special residential school for the deaf at an early age. When the FDA announced its proposal in 1990 to provide children with cochlear implants, the members of the deaf community reacted negative ly and even referred to it as ‘cultural genocide' (Sculls, 2011).Now, many years later, the ethical issues of cochlear implant surgery seem to not be a problem anymore because of the advances in genetic engineering that has allowed people from this community to genetically ‘design' their babies to their preferences. Although this technology is meant to eradicate any form of disability altogether, it has recently been used to Just do the opposite. Many of these deaf community members have been shifting their focus to prenatal genetic diagnosis (PIG) in tandem with in vitro fertilization (IVY) for embryo screening.A study released in 2008 found that 3 percent of in vitro fertilization-PIG lining in the United States have provided PIG to select for a disability (Wagner, 2008). In addition to PIG, other technologies may soon be available to people wanting to have deaf children, such as gene replacement therapy. In other words, deafness could be ‘created' by deliberatel y inserting a deaf gene. This goes back to the topic discussed earlier regarding genetically creating a super kid, with extraordinary characteristics.PIG is an expensive procedure currently offered only to couples at risk of having a child suffering from a serious genetic disease, but there is nothing inherent in the technology that limits it to such uses. This means couples wealthy enough to afford such practices will be given full freedom to genetically create babies with preferable qualities whereas their less fortunate counterparts, who will not be able to afford these types of procedures, will always be at a disadvantage (Murphy, 2009). This leads to an entirely broad debate regarding eugenics and why it should not be practiced.Authors such as John Harris (2000) argue that intentionally selecting into this world who has a disability using technology in ways that it was not meant or, it significantly violates the child's right to an open future (Harris, 2000). It is a known fact , which neither the deaf community itself cannot deny, that people suffering from a hearing loss lead more difficult lives than hearing counterparts, partly because there will always be more hearing people in this world than deaf and there will never be enough accommodations.Loss of hearing, therefore, in such a linguistic society can become dangerous when a deaf person is unable to detect nearby hazards thereby affecting their sense of independence and security and limiting social opportunities. Alternative viewpoints proposed by Albany Lucas (2012) contend that selection for a particular disability is as problematic as selection against, since both are based on the assumption that a single genetic characteristic should be the determining factor in the decision to have a child (Lucas, 2012).Opponents of this point assert that although they value the existence of living disabled individuals and believe in giving these individuals equal respect and opportunities as any other human be ing, it is morally wrong to knowingly bring a disabled child into the world and limiting their opportunities. In addition, the harm of genetically harming children can be clearly seen when considering how the same harm without genetics involved would be viewed. Genetics, reproductive technologies and techniques such as PIG are simply tools.Tools are used to accomplish things; whether the use of the tool is ethical depends on what it is that we are trying to accomplish. If something is morally wrong, it does not matter what tools or what method is used to accomplish that, it still remains wrong. In the case of James, who deliberately deafened his first hearing child, by racially removing his cochlea so he could become a part of their culture, now wants to create a second deaf baby using genetic engineering techniques.Preventing a child from hearing harms the child; it limits and disadvantages the child and therefore should not be permissible for medical personnel to carry on with thi s kind of procedure, especially for Jimmy and his wife, who are evidently putting their own happiness ahead of their children's since they disregarded their son's refusal. Jimmy was 4 years old when he was forced into such an irrational decision, which means he ad experienced the hearing world and had therefore chosen to stay in it. All the facts are the same and lets say, via PIG with in vitro fertilization Jimmy and his wife have their congenital deaf child.But now a cure for this deafness is discovered, it is risk free with no side effects, which leads us to think, would the parents, in this case, be right to withhold this cure for deafness from their child? Would the child have any legitimate complaint if they did not cure his deafness? Could this child complain to his parents dismissing him the possibility of being able to listen to music, the sound f trees, the wind, the rain, the waves on the shore, or hearing a spoken word or even learning spoken language?There is no imagini ng to how the child would feel when it discovers that it lacked these experiences only because of his/her parent's deliberate denial. Furthermore, it is not plausible to say that all these things that the child could have had, but because of it's parents decision, are unimportant, so much so that their loss or absence of it is not even considered a disability to them. Different groups. Similarly, deaf community is bonded together via a signed language,American Sign Language (SSL). Although this characteristic is not the sole criterion, it is viewed as a strong distinction between them and the non-deaf community (Singleton & Title, 2000). Furthermore, the deaf community includes members with hearing losses at both levels of extreme, from those who are profoundly deaf to those normal hearing children of the deaf community. There are also people who are hard of hearing individuals that identify themselves as part of the deaf community.Therefore, acceptance and integration into the deaf community is depended upon he attitude and the use of SSL, which means that in order to belong to the deaf community, one does not need to be born deaf. Furthermore, hearing children born to deaf parents are considered bilingual and bicameral since they potentially share the language and culture of their deaf parents and they are inevitably members of the hearing community (Singleton & Title, 2000).Although there has been some concern regarding signs of spoken language delay observed in hearing children of non-hearing parents, there is not much evidence to support this claim. Therefore, elaborately removing Jimmy's cochleae was unnecessary since he did not need to be deaf to belong to the Deaf community. Many deaf parents, occasionally have the misguided notion that they should not sign with their child simply because the child is hearing. Signing with the hearing child, from its birth, not only teaches the hearing child to be fluent in SSL, but also it ensures stronger communicati on between the parents and the child.Moreover, turning normal hearing children to a deaf child overcomes the possibility of having hearing children that are bilingual and bicameral. Shift-Myers (2004) asserts that many hearing children of deaf parents evidently develop speech and language normally provided that they have some exposure to normal hearing speakers and if their family life is otherwise normal. In addition, Jimmy and his wife both belong to hearing families, which means there would be enough exposure to normal hearing from the grandparents, and the child would consequently not develop any language delay.In any case, if a hearing child of deaf parents does show signs of spoken language delay, then an appropriate practical Lana to enhance the child's spoken language input would be in order (Shift-Myers, 2004). James and his wife ought to use the best mode of communication to ensure effective parenting, and to promote natural language acquisition for the child, whether it i s spoken or signed language. â€Å"It is a simple fact that it is better to have five senses than four† Nanette Winters). Who can argue against that? Yet, what Winters calls, a ‘simple fact' may not be so simple for everyone as clearly illustrated in this paper.This is especially not a simple fact when it comes to the Deaf community. Many facts arise from those who live the oaf lives. One such fact is that they believe being Deaf should be viewed as parallel to being Black, or Hispanic. Another fact is that these Deaf community members feel no objection expanding their community by wanting deaf children, whether it may be through prenatal medical interventions or postnatal surgical procedures. This paper explored the question of whether it is morally Justifiable to use genetic technology to here is not about being supportive of people who are deaf or otherwise disabled.The basic issue is whether or not there are ethical limits to what parents can impose on a hill. Pro-c hoice campaigners and reproductive freedom supports argue that it should be the couple's choice or wish on how they want to raise their child, but through negative enhancement and achieving outcomes that are socially not preferred affects everyone in the community in general (Carping, 2008). Morally speaking, parents have a duty to use assisted technology to give their children the best opportunity of the best life, not deliberately reducing the child's welfare.

Conflict and Stress in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conflict and Stress in Management - Essay Example Conflict and stress are two issues that can negatively affect the performance of an organization. Conflict occurs when two employees cannot agree on an issue (Collins & O'Rourke, 2009). This paper is a case study that involves two employees who cannot agree with each other on a production scheduling functions. Ralph is said to be proud since he has always handled the production scheduling in his head. However, the plant manager is looking to save on cost and increase the production efficiency. Kevin has a system that meets the manager’s needs. Ralph does not like the system since he wants to continue handling the scheduling as he has always done. He is at fault since he has refused to accept change in the organization. The issue, in this case, is that Ralph is not willing to accept change. He has been joined by other old workers who might feel that their positions are threatened by the changes being introduced. The best way to resolve this situation is to get Ralph to accept c hange. This can be achieved through effective communication. He should be sensitized about the need for such change. A compromising approach can be effective (Collins & O'Rourke, 2009). Ralph can be trained on how to use the computer systems. Both Kevin and Ralph can then be working together on the production schedule so that each one of them is partially satisfied. Conflict and stress cause poor performance in the organization. Therefore, managers should handle conflicts in the best way so as to avoid stress. In this case, the compromising approach can be effective.

The Impact of Food Allergies on Quality of Life Research Paper

The Impact of Food Allergies on Quality of Life - Research Paper Example When I have really bad allergies, I am absent from the classes, because I don’t want to disturb the classes. I asked my professors to excuse, but they didn’t accept my excuse. In this research paper, I want to let people know that allergies are not contagious to other people, and even if it may disturb my other classmates, it is just something beyond my control. The body has a natural or acquired immune mechanism of dealing with foreign materials which enter it or come into contact with it. This hypersensitive immune mechanism that often detects a harmless substance as a pathogen and develops a mechanism to fight it is called an allergy. Different people are allergic to different substances. These may include pollen, dust, food materials such as bee honey. The body’s immune system which is supposed to guard our bodies against pathogens (organisms or materials which cause ill health) reacts in a manner trying to destroy the material or substance that is harmless. The substances that cause hypersensitive allergic reactions are called allergens. Antibodies in the body are responsible for fighting any foreign material that the body detects as pathogenic. When the body reacts in a hypersensitive manner towards the harmless substance such as dust or honey, these antibodies are produced to fight it. Consequently, this leads to the production of histamine.  

Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology - Research Paper Example Creative, Samsung and Sony and a plethora of other companies manufacture small, portable music players which is an answer to apple ipod, since ipods are quite expensive people prefer buying other reliable music players which are way cheaper than the ipod. Steve Jobs resigned as the CEO of Apple just a few days ago, under his leadership Apple became a force to reckon with. They launched a series of successful products like the iPhone, Mac, Ipad and a host of other successful products. Steve Jobs identified the potential of modern gadgets and took Apple forward in a very unique way. This paper will shed more light upon the Ipad which has been incredibly successful in the market. â€Å"The Apple iPad is one of the best-selling tablets in the world, and the iPad 3 is one of the most anticipated devices from Apple this year. This article explains you about the new features that are to be included in the  iPad 3.† (iPad 3) Ipad is without a doubt my favorite device; it is my favorite because it is arguably the best gadget in the market currently. The retina display is a very exciting feature, the clarity of the screen has been enhanced by several folds and this has excited almost all the Apple fans. No other similar product in the market offers 2048Ãâ€"1536 pixels, this means the screen would be crystal clear and an avid Apple fan just can’t ask for more. The latest model will also have an SD Card slot which is again an unprecedented feature; sharing media would become much easier with an SD Card slot. These days almost all the gadgets have HD ports, the Ipad has an HDMI port which means it can be connected to an HD television set and pictures and videos can be viewed on the HD television. This is again an exciting feature; sharing media has become really easy these days. Apple has made brought about these exciting changes. The latest model is the Ipad three and it is also the best one to buy, it is the best because it is the latest and has many

Service Learning Project Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Service Learning Project Paper - Essay Example I was looking forward, with a lot of enthusiasm, for the day to arrive when we would participate in the volunteering work. My main role in the service learning project was to supervise the whole exercise and to ensure that everything went on well as planned. As the supervisor of the project, I guided my group members in carrying out the activities that we were asked to do in the non-profit organization. To guide my colleagues well in the volunteering project, I took the initiative to start working, i.e. storing shoes, cleaning, and vacuuming the carpet. My colleagues followed suit and within the three allocated hours we had done a lot of work for the non-profit organization. After completing the work, I felt that everything went on well as planned. This is because by the end of the three hours that we were supposed to work, we had completed all the tasks that were allocated to us. However, although everything went on well as planned, there was room for improvement. This is because many of us were not familiar with the work environment and the employees of the organization whom we were working with. For this reason, we did not relate as closely as we ought to have related with the employees of the organization. Had we visited the organization prior to going for the volunteer work, we could have familiarized ourselves well with the environment and the employees of the organization and this could have led to a more productive relationship between us and the employees of the non-profit organization. After working together, I feel that my team had a real spirit of team work. This is because we worked well together and all of us seemed quite enthusiastic about the work. The only thing that I feel we should have done differently as a group is visiting the organisation together to familiarize ourselves with the environment and the employees of the organisation before going for the volunteer work. I, however, feel

CERVICAL CANCER IN VIETNAMESE WOMAN Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CERVICAL CANCER IN VIETNAMESE WOMAN - Thesis Example A secondary analysis of the study is conducted to find out the cervical cancer differences. The questionnaire is prepared to analyze the data regarding cervical cancer. The theoretical framework is the main part of this study; this part presents an analysis of the cervical cancer in Vietnamese women. The result of the study indicates that cervical cancer is due to low Pap testing rates rather than difference in human papillomavirus infection rates. The effects of barriers of prevention are assessed. The result finds that most of the women are not having Pap screening. The results of the study will help in implementation of interventions. The study concludes with analyzing the prevention methods and awareness of cervical cancer control programs for Vietnamese women and recommending significance of Pap testing. 1. Select the Problem:    The problem selected for the study is the spreading of the cervical cancer among Vietnamese women. According to the study conducted by QIAGEN Group ( QIAGEN is the leading global contributor of sample and assay tools. Sample tools are used to separate and process RNA, DNA and proteins from biological models for example tissue or blood. Assay tools are used to create such separated bimolecular, for instance the DNA of a particular virus, noticeable for ensuing analysis.) (2010, p.2), it is mentioned that globally; cervical cancer is the second-most-common cancer among women. It is the leading cause of female cancer deaths in developing countries, where 80% of cervical cancer cases and deaths occur (â€Å"Creating a World Free From Cervical Cancer†, 2010, p.2). The study of cervical cancer is important, as it is the foremost cause of cancer deaths globally, particularly in the developing countries. Finding out its causes and awareness about prevention to Vietnamese women is really important. Cervical cancer persists to impact the quality of life of women and their families. â€Å"Shock, fear, self-blame, powerlessness, and anger are the most common emotions experienced by women who receive abnormal Pap test results† (â€Å"Social Impact of Cancer†, n.d., para. 12). Always, women misjudge their possibility in emerging cancer, as they may not fully understand human papillomaviruses and their symptoms, which may result to amplified anxiety regarding the future. So this may affect the development of the country and gain a lot of importance to study regarding the spreading of cervical cancer among Vietnamese women. â€Å"Cervical cancer among Vietnamese American women has been identified as an important health disparity† (Taylor et al., 2008, para.2). Years ago, this type of cancer was the foremost form of cancer amongst women in both North and South Vietnam. Presently, cervical cancer rates are significantly lesser in northern parts of the country. (â€Å"Association between War and Cervical Cancer among Vietnamese Women†, 2004, Para.1). â€Å"Many women, however, are not adequ ately informed about cervical cancer and are unable to navigate the healthcare system† (Schleicher, 2007, pg.2). According to Garner, the main factors of HPV infection include early sexual relationship, different sexual partners, difficulty in using methods of prevention, and other sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV. (Garner, 2012, para.4). The

How Good People Make Tough Choices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

How Good People Make Tough Choices - Essay Example Good people and tough choices are two central themes within this book. The author tries to identify good people by quoting their several daily life examples and their personal and social experiences and their traits as well. At the same time, the author endeavors to explain tough choices. In this regard, it is important to highlight that the author has separately explained â€Å"choices† and â€Å"tough choices† from the prism of ethics. For example, in defining the personality traits of good people, the author has identified them as visionary, having ethical values, courageous enough to face the repercussions of their choices (Kidder 1). Similarly, the author has particularly emphasized on â€Å"choices† as they have broad common sense and they are commonly made by common people. By defining these choices, the author is trying to relate them with the ethical values and leadership qualities as well. Through this association, the author has been successful in maki ng and establishing relationship between ethical choices within the context of ethical values. Here, it is pertinent to highlight that the author has used several daily life examples for supporting the assertions mentioned in the book.   For example, in the first chapter, the author has compared the interplay between the ethics of right versus right in which he has highlighted that two ethically correct positions collide and the related individuals have to make one choice and one compromise; this is a common daily routine situation normally faced by all us.

Law of Contract - Exclusion Clauses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law of Contract - Exclusion Clauses - Essay Example Exclusion clauses are only considered valid if they are consistent to the law and have been included correctly in the contract. Interpretation rules of contracts require that exclusion clauses be unambiguous and clearly expressed. This is because if they are unambiguous or are unclearly unexpressed they will be ineffective. I would notify Marion that under the UK laws, exclusion clauses are regulated by statutes: the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 and the Unfair Contract Terms Act (UCTA) 1977, as well as a number of common law rules that limit the operation of these clauses.2 There was a breach of implied terms by the seller (Practical Electricals Ltd) acting in the course of business as the seller implied that the goods supplied under the contract were of satisfactory quality only for the buyer to find that they are not of satisfactory quality. ... king, it was expounded that if the exclusion is wider than the party relying on it must put more efforts to bring the attention closer to the other party.3 Also, incorporation test demands that a contract pass the test of incorporation by notice which requires that an exclusion clause be incorporated into the contract if the party relying on it made considerable efforts in bringing attention of the clause to the other party, as stated in the case of Parker v SE Railway.4 More importantly, as demonstrated in Olley v Marlborough, the party relying on a given clause must give notice regarding exclusion clauses before entering into an agreement with the other party.5 . Besides, the clauses should be part of the contract. As noted in the case of Chapleton v Barry UDC, reliance of exclusion clause that does not form part of the contract by one of the parties renders the clause ineffective.6 In this case, the defendant was relying on exclusion clause that did not form part of the clause as it was written on the back of the receipt. In addition, the previous course of dealings forms a reasonable basis of incorporation of exclusion clauses. Incorporation of exclusion clauses may be done if there have consistent and regular course of dealings between the parties to the contract, as illustrated in the case of McCutcheon v David MacBrayne Ltd.7 Traditionally, incorporation by signature is considered as the most appropriate way of ensuring that the exclusion clauses form part of the contract. An exclusion clause is part of the contract if the document on which the clause is written has been signed by all relevant parties, as illustrated in the case of L'Estrange v Graucob.8 In the case, it was held that the party signing a contract is bound by it and it would be immaterial whether

Health & Social Care Essay Example for Free

Health Social Care Essay Physical abuse is classed as the hitting, shaking, choking, biting or other physical attack on an individual. It can lead to bruising, cuts, scratches burns, fractures and internal injuries. As well as these more immediate injuries, there can also be longer term ones. Someone who is being physically abused may show signs of it, but they may not be noticed by others if the victim is hiding the abuse. Signs and symptoms of physical abuse are cuts, brusies, burns grip marks, unusual pattern or location of injury, depression, fearfulness, withdrawn and anxiety. Sexual abuse Sexual abuse involves any sexual behaviour directed toward an adult without that adult’s knowledge and consent. Sexual abuse can happen to people of all ages, including the elderly. Sexual abuse is a way that a person tries to have control over someone and has nothing to do with consenting sex between adults. Sexual abuse is another form of physical and emotional control of one person over another person, and it has nothing to do with consensual sex between adults. Read more: Explain the roles of different agencies in safeguarding and protecting individuals from abuse  essay Signs and symptoms of sexual abuse are pain, itching or bruises around breasts or genital area, torn stained or bloody underclothing, sexually transmitted diseases, vaginal/anal bleeding, depression, withdrawal from regular activities, fear and anxiety. Emotional/psychological abuse – Emotional abuse can be as painful and damaging as physical abuse because it diminishes an adult’s sense of identity, dignity and self-worth. Emotional abuse is when a person is verbally assaulted, insulted, yelled at, threatened or humiliated by someone close to them or by a caregiver. The abuser often confines a person or isolates them by preventing them from having visits from family and friends or by denying them the chance to attend doctor or other personal care appointments. Signs and symptoms of emotional/psychological abuse are depression, fear, anxiety and behaviour changes when a carer enters or leaves a room. Financial abuse – financial abuse involves the improper, illegal or unauthorized use of an adult’s resources for the benefit of another. Signs and symptoms of financial abuse are unpaid bills, no money for food, clothing, or medication, unexplained withdrawal of money from someone’s bank account, family member or representative refuses to spend money on the adult’s behalf, possessions disappear, family member or another person forces an adult to sign over Power of Attorney against their own will. Institutional abuse – Institutional abuse refers to mistreatment of someone living in a facility for older persons. This includes nursing homes, foster homes, group homes, or board and care facilities. For example the abuse refers to the ‘home’ and staff having set meal times, set places a resident can eat their meals, a certain time everyone must get up Rigid, routines, Inadequate staffing, Insufficient knowledge base within service etc. Signs and symptoms of institutional abuse could be Inability to make choices or decisions, agitation if routine broken, disorientation, patterns of challenging behaviour. Self neglect – Adults are neglected when a caregiver does not provide the essential daily living needs of an adult dependent upon them, for things such as food, clothing, shelter, bathing, medication, health care, and doctor visits. Self-neglect happens when an adult can no longer take care of their own basic daily living needs. Signs and symptoms of neglect and self-neglect are malnourishment, dehydration, confusion, inappropriate clothing, under or over medication, skin sores, poor hygiene, absence of required aids, canes and walkers. Aiii / Aiv) If someone makes an allegation of abuse to you, the first and most important response is that you must believe what you are told. You must reassure the person that you believe what you have been told also reassure them that it is not their fault and that they are in no way to blame. Once youve reassured the person that you believe them, you should report the allegation immediately to a senior member of staff. Make sure you then make an accurate record of as much detailed information. Av) If the abuse is physical, no attempt should be made to clean anything such as clothes or residence. The client should be dissuaded to wash. Other people should be kept out of the way. With financial abuse, evidence could be paperwork such as bank statements so these should not be thrown away. You should only remove anything that could be evidence if you suspect the abuser might dispose of it before the authorities can see it. Avi) The national polices that relate to safeguarding and protection from abuse are the safeguarding board, the social services. The child protection agencies like the NSPCC Childline. The H.uman rights act 1998 and the Equalityact of 2000. Avii / Aviii) Different agencies and professionals play critical roles when involved in safe guarding individuals for example, Medical professionals such as GP, AE staff, nurses, doctors they can examine, diagnose treat, they can record. The local authority Social Services would carry out an assessment of needs. Safeguarding Team, within Social Services dept investigates and ensures safety, work with other agencies such as police. A Safeguarding Protection Officer would lead the Adult Protection Alert. Police to investigate/prosecute, to work with other agencies, to provide support to victims, to raise awareness of crimes, crime prevention. Care Quality Commission to regulate inspect care providers. Independent Safeguarding Authority. Aix) When seeking advice, support and information to help care workers understand their role in safeguarding good sources would be social workers, advocaces, further training, management, relevant laws and policies, CQC guidelines, care plans including risk assessments.

The Merchant of Venice Essay Example for Free

The Merchant of Venice Essay The Merchant of Venice tittle has been carefully chosen and it is apt and suggested. There has been some controversy among the critics that the tittle belong to Shylock or Antonio. This controversy arose because in the first entry the play had been named The Merchant of Venice or The Jew of Venice. Later on the double tittle disappeared and it was named The Merchant of Venice. So critics supposed that it is Shylock who is real merchant of Venice and the play is slightly named after him. They pointed out that Antonio is passive and has a colorless personality in the play and remains in the background with very little appearance on the stage, whereas Shylock has a dominant role in the play. Therefore it is said that Shakespeare must have had the Jew in his mind and not Antonio while naming the play. However a superficial reading of the play makes it clear that Antonio is the real merchant of Venice. His name is referred repeatedly as the royal merchant and good Antonio and also in the main trail scene Portia asked pointedly which is the merchant which is the Jew. From the beginning of the play Antonio is presented as a rich merchant and a world trader who sent argosies to various countries. On the other hand Shylock is never referred to as a merchant but sketched as an usurer and a cruel money lender. Though Antonio is a passive figure we can say that the play is rightly named after him. It was Antonios action that gave rise to the plot of the drama and indirectly he is related to the casket story, the second main plot of the drama. The bond story rises directly out of his execution of the bond. The casket story is indirectly but vitally related to him as he is the person who enters into the bond, borrows money from Shylock and helps Bassanio to reach Belmont as a suitor. In the final scene the battle is fought over his fate and every incident of the play converges this scene. Hence the play can be aptly be called The Merchant of Venice after him.

Market Research into the London Zoo

Market Research into the London Zoo The London zoo Introduction The London zoo was very good before but now it is facing problems because visitor number is reducing very much. The government planned to deal with this situation either by closing the zoo or supporting it more with money and other things so that it can continue. Recently, they held a meeting and decided that it is good to do a research so that the zoo can be made to be more profitable in the future. The manager of the zoo decided to tell a college student to do a market research so that they can know what the visitors are thinking about the zoo and what the visitors want. Now, there are many awareness issues about zoo and about animals and some people are asking why they are keeping animals in zoo and not in the wildlife. This is a difficult question for the managers of zoo to keep. But the zoo still is attracting many visitors from other country and from local. So we want to talk about the questionnaire which they used for the zoo research. The questionnaire is very important document if doing research and this can be done by anybody, but those who are doing questionnaire should follow the right process in making it so that the reason for the questionnaire can be known carefully. IT is a primary method of getting data from the source. Primary methods are good as you get first experience. There are other methods called secondary method where information is taken from what had already been made (Creswell, J. 2003: 219). Some things which they must consider when making a questionnaire is that (Struwig F., 2001: 89-90) The questions should be simple and easy to understand so that those who answer cannot find a problem with this. The questionnaire must be having just enough questions, not too much because, if too much, it is not good. The respondents of questionnaire are not having all time to answer. The one making questionnaire should say why he is making it, what is purpose and who need to use it. This gives assurance to those who answer so that they know what is to be done. The questionnaire also, must have closed questions which make the one who answer not struggle to think about answer, if it does not have close questions, then it is difficult sometime to think about the answer. The question to be given must be very appropriate for the topic, for example in case of London zoo; they have to ask not about politics but about the zoo. This is very important to have relevant information. It is also good to use simple language which everyone can understand and to create common understanding so that people not struggle to answer it. Compare This questionnaire of London zoo was made to help find problems facing the London zoo and to use it for making future plans that can solve the problems. But if we look at the progress, it is seen that this questionnaire has some difference with what is best method. Like This questionnaire does not tell the respondents about their confidential needs. It should say that all information given will be used carefully for the benefit of London zoo. It is very long. The problem is that it is very long and so it is not good. Most respondents will be visitors who want to see animals and when they sit down, they want to relax not to fill questionnaire, he should. For all these questions the visitors will just rush and rush and not do anything good. The questionnaire also is using rating method. This is not as per best practice because it needs that question to be different that so that the respondents are able to know how to do the rating. In some areas of this questionnaire, the language used was not average and may make people to struggle to answer. Strengths and the weaknesses of the London zoo questionnaire This questionnaire it has some areas which are good and some which are not good. The strengths and weaknesses are in this table. Strengths It got many questions and likely to answer many answers that is wanted by the manager. It has rating method so at analysis stage, this can be done quickly. It asks many relevant questions about the zoo and about animals. Weaknesses It is very long, with more than 30 questions which make it very time consuming. No objectives are given in the questionnaire. Some questions are not clear, like questions 19a, b, and c about commitment. This is not clear. This questionnaire is of bad layout and the way question is arranged it will not be very effective. How Else to gather data Instead of using this questionnaire, the company could use the face to face interview method in this case the one who is looking for answers could go and ask people at the zoo to say what they thing about the situation at the zoo and what can be done to solve the situation. The interview method of data collection has following strengths and weaknesses Strengths of interview a. At interview, the people can be more willing to take part because they are just answering what they think b. The person asking question only need one paper for questions instead of maybe 1000 and this can be cheap for the process c. At interview, people can be told to explain more about what they think is the situation of the zoo and so more information is taken from them. Weaknesses of interview Interview may not give anyone chance to think about the situation so they can just answer anything they want which is no good. Interviews also, time consuming because it does need to stand and wait for all answers before going to the next person. It may need many people and can be expensive if all them must be paid salary. The best For dealing with the London zoo situation, the best type of method is to use the Interview, this will require a few volunteer to be trained and told to go to field and ask questions. It will not only meet those at the restaurant or those relaxing, but anyone can answer. For this method to be successful, some questions to be moved and also when asking questions, the interviewers can clarify to the respondent so that they get it clearly. 2. IP matrix: its work and what changes be made to 99 matrix (Slack N., 2007: pg 76-78) IP matrix is to help in making good importance performance decision, about managing the company or organisations. It show a grid of 99 where we see importance and performance on one side and the other. The importance area is the area where there is need an action is taken. It this areas that we have to act. Performance also, is important. In different zones of IP matrix, there is different urgency for performance. Some action is immediately to taken and others are not. The IP matrix also, makes company or organisations know what it needs to remove from the list. Like anything excess is not want now and should removed complete. Changes to IP matrix The 99 matrix is not to be used all situations. It can not give all the good answers need in all situation. It needs changes. The 99 matrix show different points in the graph. Some point is of need urgent action. There is need to be done fast. But others not so much do need action urgently. The IP matrix for putting London zoo is to be very big. The 9z9 cannot used to put all the information. IN this London zoo, is there many overall figures and all is used so we have to be very careful. The other change is about this grid. We just need to use line to draw and say all factors in one region is ok the other factor in another region is need changes. This is shown in region A and region B. Items of Region A they need urgent action priority and those of B are moderate. Use IP matrix IP matrix is a tool for managers to make decisions about running the company. They see on the matrix that there are some things that need urgent action and some things which do not. The managers use the matrix to decide how to approach the future so that they are in a good position to develop the organisations. IP matrix can also be used as a first stage to doing a statistical evaluation like in using a method like Correlation and Hypothesis testing which are other methods which can be used. Action graph (appendix area) Other methods which can be used apart from the IP matrix are; According to (Freeman D., 2007), there are other methods which may be used to develop and solve this problem apart from IP matrix. Correlation: it is about testing if there is a relationship between to things for example in the case of London zoo, they may want to test if the facilities at the zoo, discourage the number of visitors. It is important to know what one or two factors affect the others. Hypothesis testing: In this method the work is to make a conclusion that is not confirmed then to try and confirm the conclusion which has been made. Hypothesis can be Null or alternates. These could be used instead of IP matrix Advantages of Correlation It is a method that can be use to explain the relationship between two variables, like A and B. It helps to know exactly which thing to deal with so that resources are not wasted like if variable A is the cause of Bs problem, the there is no need to deal with B, ,we just deal with A and save resources. Disadvantages It requires many calculations with a difficult formulae and this may be tiring the researcher. This method may not tell us what to do, it is just indicative and cannot be taken as it is. Hypothesis testing Advantages -It gives the researcher the fake destination or objective so the researcher is having a guide on where to go. -It usually good for difficult situations like it can check the expected results versus the observed using what are called Chi square analysis. Disadvantages; -This method is difficult to use became it has many stages of using. -This method does not specify what answer is or the problem. This method depends on the unconfirmed conclusion to be made and this can be a problem if there is no hypothesis. My improvement to this matrix If I make a matrix, I could suggest that the IP matrix be changed in some ways. My improvement to this matrix is from some number of things like 1. Use a design of only four boxes like a table. Not nine sections but only 4. This is easy to use and also the things can be put easily in 4 sections than in 9 sections. 2. Picking only few items which are very important from the ratings so that the iP is made with a few information than too many information which can be confusion. 3. The questionnaire below is given as the alternative to the one which was made by MBA student for London zoo. There are some best practices points which have been giving in this questionnaire, these are; a. They questionnaire is not long. It is just a enough number of questions b. The writer tries to use simple language so that those who are going to answer the questionnaire will find it simple to answer. c. We try to put in the open ended questions so that it can be easy for the people to just tick the right answers. d. This also assure of confidentiality of the respondents who will answer. Conclusion London zoo should try and find the real reason for all the problems it is facing. There are other external reasons for which nothing is can be done. But in the internal place, they should see that processes and cleanliness is maintained. They can also use TV advertisement during when time of festival is about to come then to bring more people to the zoo. This will bring more customers and bring money and will make the zoo to improve very much. This questionnaire made, can be used to find the main reasons why there is problem at the zoo. They can use the information to improvement by the management. References Creswell., J. (2003) Resaerch desing: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. SAGE. 2nd Edn. Freeman D., (2007) Statistical models. Theory. Cambridge. Pg,.6 Slack N., (2007) Operations management. Pearson. 5th Edition. Struwig F., (2001) Planning, designing and reporting research. Pearson South Africa. Pg 89-90

Impact Of Television Violence In Relation To Juvenile Delinquency :: TV Violence Television Cause Essays

When children are taught how to tie their shoes, it is because of how their parents showed them. When children are taught how to do math problems it is because how their teachers show them. With all of the role models how does television affect our children? Many adults feel that because they watched television when they were young and they have not been negatively affected then their children should not be affected as well. What we must first realize is that television today is different than television of the past, violence is more prevalent in todays programming unlike the true family programming of the past. EFFECTS OF TELEVISION - THE BEGINNING Questions about the effects of television violence have been around since the beginning of television. The first mention of a concern about television's effects upon our children can be found in many Congressional hearings as early as the 1950s. For example, the United States Senate Committee on Juvenile Delinquency held a series of hearings during 1954-55 on the impact of television programs on juvenile crime. These hearings were only the beginning of continuing congressional investigations by this committee and others from the 1950s to the present. In addition to the congressional hearings begun in the 1950s, there are many reports that have been written which include: National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (Baker & Ball, 1969); Surgeon General's Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior (1972); the report on children and television drama by the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry (1982); National Institute of Mental Health, Television and Behavior Report (NIMH, 1982; Pearl, Bouthilet, & Lazar, 1982); National Research Council (1993), violence report; and reports from the American Psychological Association's "Task Force on Television and Society" (Huston, et al., 1992) and "Commission on Violence and Youth" (American Psychological Association, 1992; Donnerstein, Slaby, & Eron, 1992). All of these reports agree with each other about the harmful effects of television violence in relation to the behavior of children, youth, and adults who view violent programming. The only thing that we know about the effects of exposure to violence and the relationship towards juvenile delinquency we gather from correlational, experimental and field studies that demonstrate the effects of this viewing on the attitudes and behavior of children and adults. Children begin watching television at a very early age, sometimes as early as six months, and are intense viewers by the time that they are two or three years old. In most cases the amount of televised viewing becomes greater with age and then tapers off during adolescence. ). The violence that is viewed

The Necessity of Positive and Normative Economics :: essays papers

The Necessity of Positive and Normative Economics Keynes once wrote: â€Å"The object of a positive science is the establishment of uniformities, of a normative science the determination of ideals.† (Blaug, 122) This is the dichotomy that economists recognize when approaching their field of study. The social scientist must recognize both positive and normative distinctions, means and ends, as important factors of fruitful research. Secondly, they must clearly express the conditions and assumption which theories holds in order for economics to be useful for society. Positive science is that which is a fact of nature or a fact by definition. In mathematics this is the difference between the knowledge that the angles of a triangle sum to 180 degrees, and the definition of a triangle as a two dimensional polygon with 3 sides. In economics, such facts of knowledge include that money is a store of value, or facts of definition that the UN’s Human Development Index ranks Canada above Mexico. These are all positive facts. Whether they rely or are associated with values does not reduce their factualness to a normative realm. One cannot refute positive statements by claiming they are arrived at due to values. It is up to normative science to judge the value of the HDI, a positive fact, and not mistake this action as denying the existence of the HDI. This is probably better stated with a topic from macroeconomics. Suppose that some economists agree that inflation produces the social cost of having to adjust prices to new levels. This is a completely positive statement. As long as every term has been clearly defined, one can understand the relation between inflation (as defined) and cost (as defined). Yes, the definitions have been chosen based on specific values, but this does not disaffirm the statement as a true reflection of reality. Suppose we make a true statement which denies that inflation produces this social cost, by defining inflation or the cost differently. The old positive fact of reality that the first statement asserted has not changed. By changing definitions, we have merely created a new positive statement. A statement is a true positive fact, according to Weston, when it â€Å"is consistent with definitions and axioms that define the system. We are not necessarily saying anything about what is true outside of that system.

Indian Essay -- essays research papers

In American Asian Indians form one of the smallest minorities, yet in their homeland has the largest population in the world. America was influenced by their beliefs before the first immigrant. Many of the Indians came to American as early as the turn of the century, in which they where denied citizenship until a congressional act granted it in 1946(Lee 106). Most of them are now artists, writers, musicians, and scientists. Asian Indians have supplied numerous contributions to the culture and immaculate being of US; majorities of these contributions regulate to the science field. Asian Indians immigrated in the period of 1830- 1890. In this time India was in admirable shape. However the British took over India, they emptied the country of all her wealth and forced the Indians to leave. America at this time was a strong magnet to immigrants, with offers of jobs and religious freedom (Takaki 42). Consequently, America was referred to many countries as the " Land of Opportunity."(43) This reference glazed into the eyes of Asian Indians; therefore, in research came to America for opportunities. Many Asian Indians faced hardships upon their arrival. In recent years, Asians have been among the victims of violence fueled by prejudice (42). While many of these people have become self-employed entrepreneurs by choice, others have found themselves pushed into self- employment by discrimination. Similarly, an Asian Indian engineer who had worked for a company for some twenty years told his friend, "They [management] never give you [Asian Indians] an executive position in the company. You can only go up so high and no more (Lee 69)." Frustrated by limited opportunities to advance in their careers, many Asian Indian professionals have turned to opening their own businesses(70). For Indians to see the racist acts towards them hurts and not to be able to show there true talent. Assimilation has been a powerful source in American life, particularly in policies and attitudes towards immigrants in the twentieth century (Brands 23). Furthermore, members of American minorities had learned that assimilation is not an all-or nothing processes (Bagai 12). To complete the process, the enterprising minority individual must jump through severa... ... in hospitals and working in universities has changed the future of USA. Some have changed there beliefs from there eastern to the western and in this process they changed USA in teaching US about the culture and making a multicultural society to live in. Living both Indian and American life's can be frustrating at times when can't decide to go by which rules and what to think and feel. For some parents, pray that their children don't lose their culture in them. Growing up in two cultures is a great challenge, yes; yet it is a difficult experience, but not one without its benefits. WORKS CONSULTED Bagai,B. Leona. The East Indian and the Pakistanis in America. Minneapolis Lerner Publications Company, 1967. Brands, H.W. India and the United States. Boston: Twayne Publisher, 1990. Lee, Faung Jean Joann. Asian American Experiences in the United States. North Carolina: MC Farland Company, INC. 1991. Takaki, Ronald. Spacious Dreams. New York: Chelsea House Publisher, 1989. Takaki, Ronald. Strangers at the Gate Again. New York: Chelsea House Publisher, 1989. Indian Essay -- essays research papers In American Asian Indians form one of the smallest minorities, yet in their homeland has the largest population in the world. America was influenced by their beliefs before the first immigrant. Many of the Indians came to American as early as the turn of the century, in which they where denied citizenship until a congressional act granted it in 1946(Lee 106). Most of them are now artists, writers, musicians, and scientists. Asian Indians have supplied numerous contributions to the culture and immaculate being of US; majorities of these contributions regulate to the science field. Asian Indians immigrated in the period of 1830- 1890. In this time India was in admirable shape. However the British took over India, they emptied the country of all her wealth and forced the Indians to leave. America at this time was a strong magnet to immigrants, with offers of jobs and religious freedom (Takaki 42). Consequently, America was referred to many countries as the " Land of Opportunity."(43) This reference glazed into the eyes of Asian Indians; therefore, in research came to America for opportunities. Many Asian Indians faced hardships upon their arrival. In recent years, Asians have been among the victims of violence fueled by prejudice (42). While many of these people have become self-employed entrepreneurs by choice, others have found themselves pushed into self- employment by discrimination. Similarly, an Asian Indian engineer who had worked for a company for some twenty years told his friend, "They [management] never give you [Asian Indians] an executive position in the company. You can only go up so high and no more (Lee 69)." Frustrated by limited opportunities to advance in their careers, many Asian Indian professionals have turned to opening their own businesses(70). For Indians to see the racist acts towards them hurts and not to be able to show there true talent. Assimilation has been a powerful source in American life, particularly in policies and attitudes towards immigrants in the twentieth century (Brands 23). Furthermore, members of American minorities had learned that assimilation is not an all-or nothing processes (Bagai 12). To complete the process, the enterprising minority individual must jump through severa... ... in hospitals and working in universities has changed the future of USA. Some have changed there beliefs from there eastern to the western and in this process they changed USA in teaching US about the culture and making a multicultural society to live in. Living both Indian and American life's can be frustrating at times when can't decide to go by which rules and what to think and feel. For some parents, pray that their children don't lose their culture in them. Growing up in two cultures is a great challenge, yes; yet it is a difficult experience, but not one without its benefits. WORKS CONSULTED Bagai,B. Leona. The East Indian and the Pakistanis in America. Minneapolis Lerner Publications Company, 1967. Brands, H.W. India and the United States. Boston: Twayne Publisher, 1990. Lee, Faung Jean Joann. Asian American Experiences in the United States. North Carolina: MC Farland Company, INC. 1991. Takaki, Ronald. Spacious Dreams. New York: Chelsea House Publisher, 1989. Takaki, Ronald. Strangers at the Gate Again. New York: Chelsea House Publisher, 1989.

Ethnographic Study: Bikram Yoga

This ethnographic study of the history, rent state and proposed health benefits as understood to be alternative health care of Buckram yoga will consider bibliographic research and will include a first-hand account as well as Informal interviews. Buckram Chuddar was born in Calcutta, India in 1946. He started to learn yoga poses and theory as young as three years old. At the age of five Chuddar began to work with Guru Vishnu Gosh who happened to teach children next door to Shuddery home. It was Gosh who encouraged him to compete In the National India Yoga Championship.Chuddar went on to win the championship three institutive years starting at age eleven, making him the youngest champion. At the age of twenty, however, Shuddery knee was crushed by an eighty pound weight dropped by his weight lifting spotter, Western medicine told him that he would be crippled for the duration of his life. Chuddar was reluctant to accept this reality and decided to better the condition of his knee with yoga under the supervision of Gosh. It is claimed that he was able to walk and was fully recovered from this life- altering Injury in Just six to eight months (Slicked, 2003).This miraculous recovery as Coauthor's Inspiration to dedicate his life to the practice and spread of yoga. Gosh taught Chuddar a more traditional Hath yoga â€Å"picking specific saunas [or postures] for specific ailments,† (Slicked, 2003). From these teachings, Chuddar chose twenty-six poses meant to be completed twice over, punctuated by a savanna, or corpse pose which acts like a rest period, along with two breathing exercises to be completed in the span of ninety minutes. Each pose is designed to work certain areas of the body such as the spine, knees, digestion system and immune system.This sequence is also designed to be performed in a humid room heated to 105 to 108 degrees Fahrenheit; this Is meant to mimic Indians climate, facilitate a deeper range of motion for the yogi and help prevent injur y (Slicked, 2003). Chuddar made a name for himself in Japan prior to bringing his brand of yoga to the United States but the first American Buckram yoga studio was established in California In 1973 after trading yoga treatment for a green card into the country with President Richard Nixon (Gala, 2009).While ;yoga In America was Initially popularized amongst the elites and has been associated with movie stars and intellectuals since 1 OFF blood pressure and lengthened one's life span that practice became fashionable amongst the general public,† (Gala, 2009). Since then, yoga in general has moved from being more or less a past time to being part of a fitness, health and wellness program amongst many types of people.Those practicing western medicine often see yoga as a benefit in the sense that it is a cardiovascular activity, it is considered relaxing by most and will burn calories that might not have been burned otherwise in patients ho might be overweight and reliant on medica tions. Whether or not yoga can live up to its vast health claims in Western medicine standards has yet to be determined. Even still, Buckram yoga's popularity through celebrity status or otherwise has made it a billion dollar industry with Chuddar himself collecting 2. 6 million dollars in 2003 from teacher training alone (Gala, 2009).Shuddery extensive unabashed wealth and endorsement of competitiveness in what is typically considered to be a spiritual pursuit has brought about a certain amount of controversy but has not dampened he interest in the yoga itself. People everywhere continue to believe in its abilities to heal, ward off ailments and keep the body trim and healthy. When I walk into my Buckram yoga studio in Phoenix I am immediately greeted by a cheerful woman dressed in yoga clothes passing out class schedules to those who just finished a class from behind a desk.I sign my name and remove my shoes at the door. The main room includes a large refrigerator should you want to purchase a water bottle, racks of mats and towels that can be borrowed and large, luxurious ouches where people sit to await the next class. The locker room around the corner is equipped with an open shelving unit to place your personal belongings, a shower, a restroom and separate sink unit with a large mirror, towels, decorative soaps, etc. All around, this facility is very well maintained and seems to go out of its way to provide comforts and niceties to its patrons.The locker room provides a place for friends to talk to one another but most stifle conversation in the main room. In the locker room I ask my fellow Buckram followers why they chose to incorporate Buckram yoga into their lives. A woman who appeared to be in mid-thirties explained: â€Å"l read that this yoga is the best out there because the heat helps you push out all your toxins, you know, because you sweat so much. I also read that you burn Just a ton of calories which is good because I don't have all the time in the world to spend at the gym. Another, who appeared to be in her twenties and in good physical shape, told her story: â€Å"I was always really active and played mostly soccer but I tore my CAL a couple years ago and I can't do all the things I used o. A friend of mine, kind of a granola girl, brought me here and I have been coming ever since! I always feel like I had a really good workout but I don't feel like I'm stressing any part of my body too much. † In asking a woman who let me know that she was sixty-five why she considered Buckram yoga to be a benefit to her she said: â€Å"My doctor suggested I try to be more physically active but I'm not the girl I used to be†¦ ‘m not able to do much really and I'm unwilling to subject myself to water aerobics. He [the doctor] is concerned about my blood pressure and my stiffening mints. When he told me about Buckram yoga I about died right there imagining doing something like this in that kind of heat! But I gave it a go, of course I have to bring in a stool to help me balance and I don't do every pose, but I think it's helping. I feel a different take on Buckram yoga from the physical payoffs: â€Å"I'm a new mom and my maternity leave ended a few weeks ago. Vive been practicing yoga for years but I like Buckram the best right now.There's no top 40 music playing in the background, everyone who is here wants to be here for Just this- not to be seen wearing a cute roust outfit and it's Just all about you for an hour and a half. You stare at yourself in the mirror and you hear the instructor but really you Just hear your own breathing. I feel more centered when I leave here. † When I enter the classroom I am immediately overwhelmed by the humidity. Being from Phoenix, Arizona I am no stranger to heat but in this classroom the air is thick and Just bordering on difficult to breathe for me.The lights are low and there are already students lying on their back in savanna position. No one sp eaks in the room as it assumed to be a peaceful place f meditation. Class begins when the instructor turns the lights on and introduces herself. The instructor makes a point of asking if there is anyone in the room new to Buckram yoga, congratulates them for coming and reminds them to stay in the room, lie on their mats if need be and to have fun. We go through all twenty-six poses, including the breathing exercises, with her dispensing instruction as we ease into each new movement.She also reminds us all to focus on our gaze in the mirror and that our bodies our stronger than our minds are at times so getting through class will quire determination on our parts. For safety reasons students are allowed to drink water as they please but it is discouraged to drink outside of the designated times and while the class in the midst of a pose. However, once the class is finished you can observe the majority of people gulping water hurriedly before getting into the final savanna which conclu des the sequence and allows time for personal meditation.While I lay in silence I find myself agreeing with the major points my interviewees offered: Buckram yoga is a tough but gentle workout for people of all levels and remotes a sense of personal well-being and calm that very few workouts I have tried do. This, however, was Buckram Shuddery aim all along. He believes that if you practice this yoga to the best of your abilities you will â€Å"live a better, healthier and more peaceful life,† (Chuddar, 2010).For Chuddar, physical health and mental peace must coincide for one cannot exist without the other. Martin Marty discusses the importance of recognizing that spirituality and physical health are indeed intertwined in his essay Religion and Healing: The Four Expectations. This essay souses more so on faith in the religious sense but for many yoga offers a very spiritual connection to a force that has the power to heal, bring calm and bring like- minded people together to form a sense of community.Marty reminds us that â€Å"in a typical half year of American publishing†¦ Hundreds of†¦ New Age titles on health and well-being appeared†¦ Imaging, breathing, meditation, herbalist, and hypnosis are but a few of the many technique for being in tune with the infinite,† (Marty, 2005). It can be safely assumed that yoga could be added to that list in which ways people reach out spiritually. Harold Koenig writes in Afterward: A Physician's Reflections that we need be focused on healing the â€Å"whole human person,† (Koenig, 2005).

My personal Experience of Globalization Essay

Globalization is process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a frontier-less market. Although globalization is an economical process but it has many social and cultural aspects in our daily life. For example, I am using a nokia cell phone that was designed in Finland and assembled in China. I am writing this assignment by using a HP laptop that was also assembled in China and designed by USA, and this laptop runs by â€Å"Windows 7† operating system – which is a product of famous US software company â€Å"Microsoft†. I also use Qubee Broadband of Augere Wireless Limited that is owned by a multinational company of United Kingdom. I have a Nikon DSLR camera that was designed in Japan and assembled in China from components made in Japan, Germany, China and Malaysia. I am dependant on several products such as Head and Shoulder (Procter and Gamble-USA), Dove (Unilever-England and Netherland), Tang (Kraft Foods-USA), Pepsi (USA) etc. All these products in my hand is a result of process of globalization.KFC and Pizza Hut are two US based restaurant chain that become popular in our country. Globalization has been associated with a range of cultural consequences. Globalization is increasingly exposing people to different ways of thinking. We know instantly what is happening on other part of the world through satellite channel. Cultural effects of globalization have seen in lifestyle of urban people, selection of apparel, consumption of food and celebration of different festivals or occasions that are not associated with our culture. I celebrate friendship day, watch Hollywood movie and become a fast food lover, which are clearly cultural impacts of globalization. Through the process of globalization the economic interdependence has been increasing day by day. Now Bangladeshi women are the major contributors in national export earnings. In Bangladesh, 77 per cent of the foreign earnings come from the Ready Made Garment (RMG) sector and around 80 per cent of the workers in this sector are women. Last year my uncle brought a Reebok jacket from Malaysia that is labeled as â€Å"Made in Bangladesh†. Although economic development is the primary objective of globalization but it also bring many changes in our social and cultural life.

Beowulf – Defining God

BEOWULF: Defining God The epic poem of Beowulf is truly one-of-a-kind. What other old world poem can lay claim to withholding its own pagan roots and references while being transcribed by a Christian poet? Like other poems of the ‘old world', Beowulf's story has its beginnings in oral tradition. Around 850 AD the stories were culminated and written down in the Anglo-Saxon language of the time by a Christian poet. The poet doesn't let the fact that they were Christian severely affect the poem either. That does not mean that his opinions are kept quiet. There are plenty of references to the Christian God throughout the entire poem. It makes you wonder exactly how many different ways can someone refer to â€Å"Almighty God†[1314]. And let us not forget the ubiquitous Bible lesson; â€Å"And from Cain there sprang misbegotten spirits, among them Grendel, the banished and accursed†[1265-1266]. But our poet does not loose sight that these people are pagans with this reference; â€Å"†¦ s he advanced, hurrying to address the Prince of Ingwins†[1318-1319]. Ingwins are the friends/worshipers of the god Ing; in other words the Danes of this poem. Being pagan, they are also unaware of the origins of the ‘misbegotten' as noted when Hrothgar says: â€Å"They are fatherless creatures, and their whole ancestry is hidden in a past of demons and ghosts† [1355-1356]. Give credit where credit is due, the poet remained true to both religions without compensati ng for the other; â€Å"praise God†1398. OK, which one?

Cask of Amontialldo †Character Traits Essay

The character of Montresor in, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is one who can only be defined with words along the lines of evil, or wicked. He vows to avenge the bold and childish Fortunato, whom Montresor swears did him wrong. Montresor could be described with many bold words, one being guilty. Though he is guilty, he is determined not to get caught. For instance, Montresor declares, â€Å"I must not only punish, but punish with impunity† (Poe, 1). Essentially, he is saying he will seek revenge on Fortunato, but he will get away with the vicious crime. Another obvious character trait for the devious Montresor, is dishonest. He claims to have obtained a cask of Amontillado, when the reader can tell through situational irony this is not true. He claims, â€Å"†¦ I have received a pipe of what passes for Amontillado, but I have my doubts† (Poe 1). Fortunato unknowingly follows the fiend, and in theory, seals his own fate. Montresor is also quite sneaky. He slyly gets Fortunato into a small inlet in his wine cellar– also a home for skeletal remains. He hastily chains him up before the poor Fortunato can even realize what’s happening. Explaining the situation, Montresor says, â€Å"†¦ inding his progress arrested by the rock, stood stupidly bewildered†¦ a moment more and i fettered him to the granite† (Poe 4). Lastly, Montresor is just plain mysterious. Readers never know exactly why he decided to go after Fortunato, but it is hinted he offended the killer in some way. When asked about his coat of arms, Montresor blatantly states, â€Å"A human foot†¦ the foot crushes a serpent rampant whose fangs are imbedded in the heel† (Poe 3). The motto underneath is â€Å"nemo me impune lacessit† (Poe 3). To conclude, Montresor plays not only a degrading character, but one of many evils.

Interview protocol asginment for communication interviewing class, Coursework - 1

Interview protocol asginment for communication interviewing class, - Coursework Example My duties as an Advertiser designer will include planning and organizing events of different words, photos and illustrations in the Independent. This must be eye catching to attract a wide audience to read the daily. I will also be involved in putting the portfolios together in the Newspaper to provide a presentable outline to the readers. Finally, I will be required to have excellent persuasive communication and social skills that will be essential in presenting a good storyline of adverts to the readers. Other positions that I will highly associate with to produce presentable adverts to the audience include the multimedia department in providing me with better images or photos for the advertisement. The editorial staff for providing a good story storyline for the advertisements. The staff photographer is also important in advertising and will be useful in providing me with information relating to different products being put on ads. I will also be associated with type consultant to provide a credible material to the audience where he will give reasonable advice on the advertisements. The webmaster will also help me in uploading my adverts on the web, and will need to communicate with him regularly on completion of my work. Finally and most important, is the Advertising director who will have to review my work after completion before presenting to the editors, and the webmaster for publication of the material to the audience. My greatest accomplishment so far, is that during my University education, I managed to qualify with an AA, which places me in a better position in the job market. I have also attended internship opportunities while in college meaning I have gained some experience in the job position. During my University life, I was the president of the journalism club and thus gained a lot in communication skills. In the club, we managed to write articles some of them have been published and recognized which was a great achievement with other